IBM Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

IBM - Assignment Example According to this case, IBM needed to make necessary changes in order to survive on the market. (p. 2) All other decisions related to this basic idea, such as speeding up the cycle of product development, integrating IBM as global organization, and simplifying the process for the customer fall under it. 2. In order to make those decisions IBM needs to undergo certain processes. They include the following: finance, human resources, customer relationship management, incorporated supply chain, and incorporated product development. Naturally, one area of organization always requires more attention than the others, and in this case it is Personal System Group who had the major problem with the supply. It is recognized that this area needs to be properly taken care of, because it is equally important to overall success of IBM as its any other part. In fact, given that Personal System Group is a computer manufacturer its role in IBM is integral. 3. Implementation of an integrated system sug gests that IBM will benefit out of it, because it will resolve an issue it currently faces; an issue of plants working as an independant units rather than one single unit. However, certain risks of doing this have to be taken into account. The time and complexity of the process could potentialy be problematic, given that not all the plants are on the same page.

Chilean Copper Mine Collapse Essay Example for Free

Chilean Copper Mine Collapse Essay August 5 at the San Esteban mine, near the city of Copiapo, Chile 34 miners have been missing and presumed trapped after a collapse of the main shaft. At this time it is uncertain of the extent of injuries after the collapse. The Minera San Estaban Primera company; owners of the San Esteban mine have stated mining accidents on a major scale are uncommon in Chile and hopes are high that all the 34 workers made it to the refuge area where supplies are located. Rescuers are underway in hopes of locating all 34 workers alive. The primary method for rescue is drilling holes in an attempt to locate the workers. There are concerns about the amount of oxygen at this depth approximately 100 meters below the surface. With a drilled hole into the shaft where miners are believed to be; needed supplies may be delivered until a full rescue can be attempted. I believe a report more in line with what I wrote about would have been a far more positive way of delivering a hard message to concerned family members, coworkers at the mine, and all humans with concern for these miners. In our text a quote was found from Ralph Nichols. The most basic of all human needs is the need to understand and be understood. The best way to understand people is to listen to them. † If the owners of the mining company had listened to the concerns of the family members a more positive method of communicating the situation and tactics that may be utilized to save these workers. If the San Jose mine owners had attempted to use a central idea and main points while informing the media of their intentions many of the angry family members who received little or no information would not have been as quick to call for safety records. The use of visual support to quickly let the audience know that the company and rescue team was at least working on plan would have been very helpful in easing the minds of the audience. Early in the incident the company gave almost no information to the media or family. A crude outline of the events would have been an improvement in the communication process over the lack of communication displayed early on. A plan of action displayed for the world to see has great value here. Had the company used the fact form of persuasion to deliver a message to concerned audience members many of the family members may have been put at ease somewhat. Had the company stated that Chile had very few major mining incidents in its history this could have went very far to improve the relationship with the media and concerned onlookers. Explaining that supplies would be provided for the duration of this event and these workers would not be abandoned even if it was implied would have been very valuable. The use of value in this communication process letting everyone know that the miners were indeed valued by this company and all that could be done would be done surely would have been a positive and assisted all parties involved. Obviously to discuss policy and or procedures for mine collapse would have persuaded the audience of the company’s determination to do the right thing. This also eases the audiences mind that the company has plans in place prior to an incident. The company did not do any of these things early in the emergency. If the company could have simply stated their intentions to fix this problem and improve operations in the future many of their mistakes could have been forgiven. It may not have been possible early on to discuss the intentions to keep the mine open, if it could have this would have reinforced to everyone that the company would be here throughout the incident and beyond. As many of us know the incident took 70 days to complete and the miners were delivered supplies through a small tube for the duration. Although this story has a heroic and happy outcome; the first few days of the incident was hell for onlookers. Watching video from the incident probably would indicate a need for better nonverbal communications by the mine owners. Neither nonverbal communication, semantics, nor syntax would have changed the family’s grief in the beginning nearly as much as the lack of communication did affect them negatively.

Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) Mutants

Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) Mutants GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN (GFP) MUTANTS WITH ALTERED FLUORESCENCE INTENSITY AND EMMISSION SPECTRA Introduction: Now-a-days GFP is creating revolution in the field of science by its applications and properties.GFP is a stable protein extracted from the photo organs of the jellyfish Aequoria victoria by Shimomura et al in 1962. In 1992 the cloning of GFP has done. It is found in a variety of coelenterates (both hydrozoa and anthozoa) and it emits light by utilising energy from the Ca2+ activated photoprotein aequorin [1]. Energy transfer and the emission spectra of GFP can be affected by dimerization. Structure of GFP is cylindrical ÃŽ ²-can structure and has a chromophore located centrally. The chromophore is responsible for the fluorescence and the formation is independent of species but mainly depends on oxygen. GFP is a small protein and has been made up of 238 amino acids. Deletion of any seven amino acids either from C-terminus or N-terminus may result in the loss of fluorescence. Amino acid replacement is responsible for the change in colours of GFP. It has a molecular weight of 27 KDa an d has an absorption range at 488 nm and an emission range at 509 nm. It can accomplish high temperatures (65 ÌŠc) and basic PH range of 6-12 [2]. Increase in PH results in the decrease of fluorescence. Increase in the fluorescence and photo stability can be achieved by single point mutation at S65T. Fluorophore of the GFP is generated by using auto-catalytic process of continuous mechanisms. Visible excitation is one of the optical properties of GFP. Its derivatives are produced from the mutagenesis experiments like random and directed mutagenesis [3]. GFP is majorly used as a reporter in expressing genes. Protein and chromophore folding also constitutes as a major advantage of GFP. It can also be used in protein fusion by applying recombinant DNA technology. Aim of this research is to analyze properties of GFP by cloning, mutations, expression of proteins and purification. Objectives of this research are to sub-clone GFP into a vector and mutations are carried out by various mutagenesis experiments followed by expression of proteins and purification. Finally after purification properties are analyzed. Materials and methods: Initially DNA is isolated and GFPuv is sub-cloned into the pET28c vector from pET23 plasmid by speectrophotometric analysis. 5 µg of pET23GFPuv DNA is digested by using NdeI and HindIII restriction enzymes. And the digests are analysed by using Agarose gel electrophoresis. GFP fragment is extracted and purified using QIA quick gel extraction kit from QIAGEN and the recovered DNA is estimated. Recombinant protein is expressed in E.coli by ligation and transformation. To confirm the presence of GFP in the pET28c plasmid, colony PCR is used. Further mutagenesis experiments are carried out by designing oligonucleotide primers which will alter the spectral properties of the protein. Complementary primers containing same mutations are generated. Mutagenic primers are prepared with a melting temperature of ≠¥ 78 ºC, length between 25 and 45 bases and primers longer than 45 bases are generally used. Introduction and identification of mutations within GFPuv gene: Mutations are created in the GFPuv insert by site-directed mutagenesis Site-directed mutagenesis: 5 µl 10 x PCR buffer 5 µl 20 mM dNTP mixes 15 ng GFPuv-pET28c template DNA 125ng oligonucleotide primer F+ 125ng oligonucleotide primer R+ 2 µl 25mM MgSo4 32 µl sterile water 1 µl KOD hot start polymerase (1U/ µl) * All the above are added to 0.2ml PCR tubes and incubated in a PCR machine for 24 cycles: 94 ºC 30s 94 ºC 30s 55 ºC 1min 68 ºC 4min 20s 68 ºC 10 min * Reaction is then kept on ice for 2 min and 1 µl (1U) of Dpn1 is added and incubated for 60 min at 37 ºC Alignment of amino acid sequences is carried out using: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/Tools/clustalw2/index.html Product of site-directed mutagenesis (pET28c DNA) is transformed into XL-1 supercompetent cells. Transformed colonies are extracted using QIAprep Mini prep kit Qiagen [5]. Concentration and purity can be checked by using Agarose gel electrophoresis. For this 5 µl of plasmid preparation and 10U HindIII are digested at 37 ºC for 1h. Sequencing is then carried out by using 10 µl of DNA at a concentration of 50ng/ µl. E.coli BL21 (DE3) cells are prepared and are transformed into the pET28cGFPuv plasmid for expression Auto-induction method: Wild type protein (GFPuv) and the mutant protein are expressed in the expression vector [BL21 (DE3)] using auto-induction method. For this transformed colonies are inoculated into 3ml of LB-1D + antibiotic media and incubated at 37 ºC at 300 RPM for 6 hrs and O.D is taken. Inoculum is taken into the flask containing SB-5052 auto-induction medium along with antibiotic and incubated at 28 ºC at 300 RPM for 20 hrs. Cultures are then cooled for 1 hr. Total induced sample is prepared by taking 100 µl of cooling culture and 900 µl of SB-5052 media. Cells are then pelletized by centrifuging it with both total induced and non-induced samples and are resuspended in 100 µl of SDS-PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(PAGE)) sample buffer. 12% of polyacrylamide gel is prepared and the Soluble and insoluble samples are prepared by cell fractionation using BUGBUSTER. For this 1 µl of DNAase1 is used along with reagents. Cell suspension is then centrifuged at 13000rpm for 20mins. Supernatant is then used as soluble sample and insoluble is prepared by resuspending the pellet in 2ml binding buffer. SDS-PAGE buffer and binding buffer are added to the soluble and insoluble fractions. At 95 ºC all samples are heated for 5 min. Gel is then loaded as: Molecular weight standard-5 µl Uninduced sample 5 µl Induced total sample 5 µl Soluble sample 5 µl Gel has to run for 1 hr. And is transfered to a box of Coomassie blue stain. Western blotting: GFP protein presence can be verified using western blotting technique. Protein samples are first seperated by SDS-PAGE and are transferred to the nitrocellulose membrane. GFP bound to nitrocellulose membrane is then visualised by incubating the blot with His-probe which is linked to a HRP (horse radish peroxidase) enzyme (HisprobeTM-HRP solution is diluted to 1:5000 (1 µl in 5ml) ). His-tag of GFP protein is bound to probe. Blots are kept in TBST and probes and thus probes are visualised by chemiluminescence and these are photographed by chemiluminescent reader. Ni-NTA chromatography: His tagged GFP can be purified by Ni-NTA (nickel nitrilo triacetic acid) chromatography method. In this, sample of soluble protein is loaded on column packed agarose resin and the non-specific protein binding is removed by washing resin with buffer and is eluted by high concentrated imidazole of elution buffer. After elution the purification of protein is done by SDS-PAGE and Coomassie staining. The concentration of the protein is measured by Bradford assay. Fluorimetry and mass spectrometry: Properties of GFPuv protein are analysed by Fluorimetry and mass spectroscopy. Fluorimetry: In this wavelength and intensity of a molecule at specific wavelength are measured using fluorimeters. Perkin Elmer LS50B is the fluorimeter used to measure GFP. Quartz cuvettes are placed in a chamber to measure the concentration and intensity. The parameters set to measure GFP are: Excitation 440nm Emission 460-550nm Slit widths 4 and 4 Accumulation 5 20 µg/ml of protein concentration is used. The emission and excitor wavelengths are set at 509nm and 395nm. Mass spectrometry: GFPuv properties and molecular mass can be analysed by mass spectroscopy. The type of mass spectroscopy used here is electron spray ionization (ESI). ESI is a type of atmospheric pressure ionisation technique (API) which is used for biochemical analysis. JEOL HX110/HX110A equipped with electron ion source tandem mass spectrometers are used to analyse structural properties [7]. 1-10 pmol/ µl of protein concentration is used. Solvents used are: MeOH MeCN TFA During ionisation sample is dissolved in a solvent and is pumped through a steel capillary at a rate of 1 µl/min and voltage of 3 or 4KV is applied [8]. Ion current is amplified by the detector and the data system will record signals in the form of mass spectrum. RESULTS: Site-directed mutagenesis: Primers used for site directed mutagenesis (Mutant) Forward primer: 5-CACTTGTCACTACTTTCTCTTGGGGTGTTCAATGCTTTTCC-3 Reverse primer: 5-GGAAAAGCATTGAACACCCCAAGAGAAAGTAGTGACAAGTG-3 Alignment of the amino acid sequence of the mutant with the GFPuv amino acid sequence GFPuv MSKGEELFTGVVPILVELDGDVNGHKFSVSGEGEGDATYGKLTLKFICTTGKLPVPWPTL 60 mGFPuv MSKGEELFTGVVPILVELDGDVNGHKFSVSGEGEGDATYGKLTLKFICTTGKLPVPWPTL 60 ************************************************************ GFPuv VTTFSYGVQCFSRYPDHMKRHDFFKSAMPEGYVQERTISFKDDGNYKTRAEVKFEGDTLV 120 mGFPuv VTTFSWGVQCFSRYPDHMKRHDFFKSAMPEGYVQERTISFKDDGNYKTRAEVKFEGDTLV 120 *****:****************************************************** Y66W GFPuv NRIELKGIDFKEDGNILGHKLEYNYNSHNVYITADKQKNGIKANFKIRHNIEDGSVQLAD 180 mGFPuv NRIELKGIDFKEDGNILGHKLEYNYNSHNVYITADKQKNGIKANFKIRHNIEDGSVQLAD 180 ************************************************************ GFPuv HYQQNTPIGDGPVLLPDNHYLSTQSALSKDPNEKRDHMVLLEFVTAAGITHGMDELYK- 238 mGFPuv HYQQNTPIGDGPVLLPDNHYLSTQSALSKDPNEKRDHMVLLEFVTAAGITHGMDELYK- 238 ********************************************************** Amino acid substitution: Y66W Belongs to Class 5, indole in chromophore (cyan fluorescent proteins) [6] eCFP CATATGAGTAAAGGAGAAGAACTTTTCACTGGAGTTGTCCCAATTCTTGTTGAATTAGAT 60 GFP ATGAGTAAAGGAGAAGAACTTTTCACTGGAGTTGTCCCAATTCTTGTTGAATTAGAT 57 ********************************************************* eCFP GGTGATGTTAATGGGCACAAATTTTCTGTCAGTGGAGAGGGTGAAGGTGATGCAACATAC 120 GFP GGTGATGTTAATGGGCACAAATTTTCTGTCAGTGGAGAGGGTGAAGGTGATGCAACATAC 117 ************************************************************ eCFP GGAAAACTTACCCTTAAATTTATTTGCACTACTGGAAAACTACCTGTTCCATGGCCAACA 180 GFP GGAAAACTTACCCTTAAATTTATTTGCACTACTGGAAAACTACCTGTTCCATGGCCAACA 177 ************************************************************ eCFP CTTGTCACTACTTTCTCTTGGGGTGTTCAATGCTTTTCCCGTTATCCGGATCACATGAAA 240 GFP CTTGTCACTACTTTCTCTTATGGTGTTCAATGCTTTTCCCGTTATCCGGATCATATGAAA 237 ******************* ******************************** ****** Mutation eCFP CGGCATGACTTTTTCAAGAGTGCCATGCCCGAAGGTTATGTACAGGAACGCACTATATCT 300 GFP CGGCATGACTTTTTCAAGAGTGCCATGCCCGAAGGTTATGTACAGGAACGCACTATATCT 297 ************************************************************ eCFP TTCAAAGATGACGGGAACTACAAGACGCGTGCTGAAGTCAAGTTTGAAGGTGATACCCTT 360 GFP TTCAAAGATGACGGGAACTACAAGACGCGTGCTGAAGTCAAGTTTGAAGGTGATACCCTT 357 ************************************************************ eCFP GTTAATCGTATCGAGTTAAAAGGTATTGATTTTAAAGAAGATGGAAACATTCTCGGACAC 420 GFP GTTAATCGTATCGAGTTAAAAGGTATTGATTTTAAAGAAGATGGAAACATTCTCGGACAC 417 ************************************************************ eCFP AAACTCGAGTACAACTATAACTCACACAATGTATACATCACGGCAGACAAACAAAAGAAT 480 GFP AAACTCGAGTACAACTATAACTCACACAATGTATACATCACGGCAGACAAACAAAAGAAT 477 ************************************************************ eCFP GGAATCAAAGCT 492 GFP GGAATCAAAGCTAACTTCAAAATTCGCCACAACATTGAAGATGGATCCGTTCAACTAGCA 537 ************ eCFP GFP GACCATTATCAACAAAATACTCCAATTGGCGATGGCCCTGTCCTTTTACCAGACAACCAT 597 eCFP GFP TACCTGTCGACACAATCTGCCCTTTCGAAAGATCCCAACGAAAAGCGTGACCACATGGTC 657 eCFP GFP CTTCTTGAGTTTGTAACTGCTGCTGGGATTACACATGGCATGGATGAGCTCTACAAATAA 717 SDS-PAGE : Coomassie staining gel of (Sample 6): Marker GFP protein (soluble sample) Western blotting (Sample 11): Induced total sample GFP protein Ni-NTA chromatography: Fluorimetry: Mass spectrometry: Wild-type: Mutant: Discussion: Site-directed mutagenesis: In the site-directed mutagenesis mutation is carried out at the right place i.e., at 197 and 198 places. Tyrosine (TAT) is mutated to tryptophan (TGG), Y W. During this mutation protein undergoes many changes especially in the fluorescence. GFP turns into CFP (Cyan fluorescent protein) hence the light emitted will not be exactly green. CFP will have many peculiar features like rather than single excitation and emission peaks it possess double humping. Tag CFP possess some properties like: Structure monomer Molecular weight 27KDa Polypeptide length 239aa Fluorescence colour Cyan Maximum excitation 458nm Maximum emission 480nm Excitation coefficient 37000M-1 cm-1 Pka 4.7 Quantum yield 0.57 Brightness 21.1 Brightness is produced by the quantum yield and extinction coefficient. Dual colour visualisation of the protein expressed is enabled by the CFP. This has led to the Fluorescence Resonance Energy Development (FRET). SDS-PAGE: SDS-PAGE is carried out to separate proteins according to their electrophoretic mobility and experimental repeats will result in the purity assessment of the protein. Four wells are loaded with samples and 2 and 4 wells show protein result and as 1 and 3 wells dont contain protein they will be normal without any bands. Results shows that little amount of GFP has been observed in the insoluble and large amount of protein has been observed in the soluble sample. Uninduced sample cannot find GFP. Western-blotting: Western-blot is performed to make sure the presence of protein. Histidine tagged probe is added to confirm the protein present was GFP or not. pET28c plasmid contains T7 RNA polymerase promoter sequence. But this promoter is blocked by the repressor. Hence lactose containing medium is required for E.coli growth. Because lactose is used as carbon source, glucose is converted into allolactose. This allolactose will bind to repressor by unblocking promoter, and expresses GFP. Hence presence of glucose will result in Lac-I and is binds to the operator. Band observed in the blot is probably GFP and it has high level of intensity after induction. And it is necessary to confirm this by performing blotting technique using His probe to detect His tagged GFP. Bands are observed in the induced and soluble samples after performing western blotting confirming the presence of GFP. Ni-NTA chromatography: Purification of GFP can be done by Ni-NTA chromatography. For a recombinant protein the amino acid binding site with 6 or more His residues in a row acts as metal binding site. So hexa-his sequence is called as His-tag. His-tag sequence is present in the N-terminal of the target protein and is located in the promoter region adjacently to the GFP gene. During this process enzyme HRP is also bound to the probe. This HRP-probe will react with luminal 4 peroxidase buffer which is further used for purifying GFP by Ni-NTA chromatography. Purification by His-tagged GFP can be done by using several methods like Ni2+-poly (2 acetomidoacrylic acid) hydrogel. Displacement of GFP can be done by binding nickel to imidazole. This is mainly because of high affinity of nickel towards imidazole compared to GFP.Distinctive bands are supposed to observe in the elute1, elute 2 and also in the total soluble fraction. Bands formed states the presence of the GFP mutant. Absence of the bands states mutant a bsence. In the results bands are observed at the total induced and the soluble samples which state the protein presence. Even small amounts of bands are also observed in the insoluble sample. GFP protein produced in the induced total sample is approximately at 27KDa. Slight bands are observed in the insoluble sample as it may be because of some impurities. Finally the GFP protein has been detected. References: 1. Davenport D, Nichol JAC: Luminescence in Hydromedusae. Proceedings of the Royal Society, Series B 1955, 144:399-411 2. Ward. W., Prentice, H., Roth, A. Cody. C. and Reeeves.S.1982.Spectral perturbations of the Aequoria green fluorescent protein. Photochem. Photobiol. 35:803-808 3. Cormack, B. P., Valdivia, R. H., Falkow, S. (1996). FACS-optimized mutants of the green fluorescent protein (GFP). Gene, In press 4. Darelle Thomson , Greg Smith. (2001).PCR-based plasmid vector construction for generation of recombinant viruses. Journal of Virological Methods 94, 7-14 5. Vogelstein, B., and Gillespie, D. (1979) Preparative and analytical purification of DNA from agarose. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 76, 615-619. 6. HEIM, R., PRASHER, D. C. TSIEN, R. Y. 1994. Wavelength Mutations and Posttranslational Autoxidation of Green Fluorescent Protein. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 91, 12501-12504. 7. HARUKI NIWA, SATOSHI INOUYE et,al., Chemical nature of the light emitter of the Aequorea green fluorescent protein. Vol. 93, pp. 13617-13622, November 1996. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 8. â€Å"Mass Spectrometry: A Foundation Course†, K. Downard, Royal Society of Chemistry, UK, 2004.

Child Development Case Study Essay -- Child Development Theory

From the video observation, the two three-year old children, Thomas and Riley set off on a bus journey along with their childminder; it is observed that both the children speak about their journey, in which they are able to identify various features, which include the passengers; various buildings and different types of buses. Both children observe many of the features by taking photographs to highlight what they have observed on their journey. From observation, the video looks at the way the childminder plans the experience from a child-initiated stance, which directs the children’s learning in addition with assisting them with role-play and symbolic play, which is shown towards the end of the video. Thus, this essay will focus on the importance of early physical development within the Early Years framework, as well as the influence of the family with reference to the children along with the childminder. I shall link theory to practice from observation, by recounting both the boy’s bus journey, using a number of hypothetical methods, as well as emphasising the social and emotional development equally with cognitive development. However in particular, I will address the cognitive development, by doing so, a whole approach is required regarding both the children’s development, as children are seen as individuals and that each area of their development cannot be divided into different sections. So in order to accentuate the whole approach, it is imperative that the two boy’s development is seen from a holistic perspective. Furthermore, not only does the children’s development depend on their own developmental process, additionally the family, as well as the child minder will have an influential effect on the relationship of both ch... ...Early Childhood. 2nd ed. London: SAGE Publications. Bruner, J. (1986) Actual Minds, Possible Worlds. USA: Harvard University Press. Department of Education (Dcfs) (2010) it’s child’s play Early Years Foundation Stage [online]. [Assessed 7 December 2010]. Available at: . Keenan, T. and Evans, S. (2009) An Introduction to Child Development. 2nd ed. London: SAGE publications. Malim, T. and Birch, A. (1998) Introductory Psychology. London: MACMILLAN Press. Penn, H. (2008) Understanding early childhood. 2nd ed. Berkshire: Open University Press. Piaget, J. and Inhelder, B. (1969) The Psychology of the Child. London: Routledge. Smidt, S. (2007) A Guide to Early Years Practice. 3rd ed. Oxon: Routledge. Woodhead, M and Oates, J. (eds). (2007) Attachment Relationships. Milton Keynes: The Open University.

Genetic Engineering and Genetically Modified Organisms :: GMOs Genetically Modified Foods

Genetically Modified Organisms Do you concern yourself with the nature of the food you consume? Ever think twice about genetically modified organisms contained in a daily meal? If you're like most people you'll be baffled to know most cheese, Big Macs, and even soup contain bioengineered enzymes which are grown from the seed. In these articles there are two public opinions in which one states the innocence of American judgement and the other describes the protests of Americans against GMOs. Most daily meals contain GMOs while people aren't aware of the modifications. Throughout this paper there are people's ideas and opinions represented on the topic. "Does the US Know What it is Eating" talks about how large amounts of Americans aren’t aware of the contents contained in everyday meals. Soup, for instance, is considered to have contained a certain type of bioengineered enzymes which could be harmful. This all happens to start around six years ago when farmers use to mischievously sneak bovine, a growth hormone, into the cows by injection. This would increase the amount of milk produced by the cows and in turn profits would increase. Likewise, people blamed the government on the lack of regulations on GM foods when in fact Bill Clinton's treasury man stated, "Clinton's administration has allowed hormone-stimulated and GM food to creep on the market"(Steven 1). This confirms the lack of seriousness of regulations among GM products. In relation to the innocence of Americans, this just states that because of the absence of communication between the consumer and the â€Å"label† of that specific product, p eople aren't educated. There is no connection to notify the consumer of the ingredients contained inside. Some of these enzymes could be potentially dangerous. Similarly, "Taking it to the Main Street" discusses how protesters in San Francisco, CA were picketing in front of a grocery store demeaning the store about contents in GM products. Shouting derogatory chants, this was a move to persuade a nationwide campaign to force pre-market safety testing; requiring testing would ensure the protection of all citizens from harmful GMOs. On the other hand, dating back to 1992, the FDA said, "biotech ingredients did not materially alter food and therefore didn't require labeling"(Roosevelt 1).

Recreation and Power vs. the Environment :: Free Essays Online

Recreation and Power vs. the Environment The emptying of Lake Powell has now been an issue for years. The sierra club strongly supports the draining of the lake for environmental issues. One side of the debate argues for recreation, water and power supplied from the lake. The other argues for the saving of an environment that is now being destroyed by the existence of the lake. Both sides carry strong support, and the debate sees no clear end coming any time soon. Lake Powell was created in the 1950’s with the building of the Glen Canyon Dam, as part of the Colorado River Restoration Project. This dam was built to support a power plant to power parts of Northern Arizona and Southern Utah, and to ensure the steady water supply of the Colorado. It filled Glen Canyon with water. The lake now crosses into both states and is a recreation area for sightseers, cliff divers, swimmers, fisherman, and boaters. The making of the lake brought about the building of the city of Page, which raises 500 million dollars per year of tourism revenue. This man-made lake now delivers power and water to over 22 million people. But does this power come at a cost? Lake Powell has come as such a cost that does not prove worthwhile. Its draining will help to fix the ecosystem, and the state of the southwest. The water in Lake Powell is now dropping at an enormous rate. The rivers that feed the lake cannot sustain the levels they once had. The lake has dropped over 100 feet. Creating this lake made a water mass that was very susceptible to evaporation; it evaporates at a rate of a million and a half acre feet per year. This would be stopped with the draining of the lake, and letting the river be restored to its original state. With the making of the damn, very important fish and plant habitat was destroyed, some of these being important and endangered species. It also prevented the flow of fish to different part of the river, as there are now 11 dams along the rivers.

Indian village Essay

In a small Indian village, a young child, Natu, wanders away into the jungle and was assumed to have been killed by the evil man-eating tiger Sheer Khan. In the other hand, a pack of wolves took care of the boy as one of their pups and named him Mowgli. Raksha, his wolf mother, kept a watchful eye out for him for she knew that Sheer Khan has a relentless thirst for the man-cub. During his years in the jungle, he befriended several animals which aided him as he grows old. Raksha is a she wolf who nursed the little Mowgl as an infant. Baloo, a kind-hearted laidback grey-hided bear, teaches Mowgli and his feral brothers the law of the jungle. The black panther Bagheera sets an eye out for Mowgli for he is constantly hunted by a evil man-eating tiger, Sheer Khan. Kaa is a huge powerful hundred year old serpent who helps Baloo and Bagheera rescue Mowgli when he was captured by group of monkeys in the hidden ruins. The boy grew into a young man and one day stumbles upon the village once again. His real mother recognized the boy as the child she lost long ago and welcomed him back home. She teaches Mowgli how to speak their language and how people behave in their village. Mowgli’s extraordinary ability to talk to the animals as fascinated the whole village including the young lady Mahala, Buldeo’s daughter. Buldeo is a boastful and arrogant hunter who despises Mowgli for contradicting him about real life and animals in the jungle. Mowgli wants to buy a â€Å"tooth† (knife) in order to kill the evil tiger Sheer Khan and buys one from Buldeo. Buldeo wanted to kill the tiger Sheer Khan for the reward of his hide. But Mowlgi killed the tiger first before Buldeo did. Buldeo forced Mowgli to surrender him the tiger skin but he refused for he vowed to lay it upon the wolfpack’s council rock. Even though Buldeo forbids Mahala to talk to Mowgli, she goes with him into the jungle. Mowgli shows her the ruins of an ancient city with a vast treasure horde. Inside the ruins, a python named Kaa warns them that the jewels are deadly. Mahala takes one coin with Mowgli’s permission. Buldeo finds out about the treasure and persuades Mowgli to show him the rest of the treasure. He accidentally drops the coin his daughter took from the trove which caught the eye of the barber and his customer, and now they want to find the treasure too. After finding out about his daughters discovery of the gold coin, Buldeo coerced Mowgli to lead him to the treasure trove. He accidentally let the barber and his customer to find out about the treasure too. Mowgli leads the men and set out to the jungle to look for the ruins. They find the ruins but greed took place and they all fought for the treasure. When the barber and the customer died, Buldeo set the jungle on fire. Mowgli saves his mother and goes back to live in the village. A quintessential characters in the story is Mowgli, the main character in the story, a child raised by wolves who eventually goes back to his village when he becomes a young man. Another is Baloo, sleepy old grey bear, teaches the wolf pups and Mowgli the laws of the jungle and how to live in the jungle. Same is Bagheera, the black panther is originally born in captivity in the palace of the Rajah of Oodeypore, India escapes his cage when he was mature and strong enough, saves the life of Mowgli by offering a freshly-killed bull to the pack of wolves and demands them to raise Mowgli. Stock characters in the story include Mahala, a gentle young lady who fell in love with Mowgli. Mogli showed Mahala the ruins where the treasure was hidden. Messua is the wife of the richest man in the village and she believes that Mowgli is her long lost son, Natoo, who was lost in the jungle some years before. When she and Mowgli are reunited, teaches him the virtues and language of their village. Raksha is the she-wolf who takes care of Mowgli and raised him as one of her own pups. Defying the tiger Sheer Khan who is determined to hunt and eat the man-cub Mowgli she says that her name is Raksha, which means Demon, because of her ferocity and fighting skills, and vows to fight to her death for any of her cubs, natural or adopted. The play wanted to portray the 1894 original story of author Rudyard Kipling’s The Jungle Book. The cast sought to represent the essence of each character in the story for the audience to feel the flow and tension of the play. The producers did an excellent job on capturing the spirit of the original story. Every key character was played well and with outstanding acting skills. The setting, background, and lighting makes the audience feel that they are one with the environment. The play and production was all meaningful for it captured and delivered what the audience would like to see, feel and hear. The cast skillfully played their roles and vividly showed emotion of the scene. As a child, I really enjoyed Disney’s animation of The Jungle Book. I enjoyed the play a lot. It made me feel like I was in the story with the characters. I liked how the play was delivered and how the cast depicted the characters. The lights and background gave a good addition to the environment. The sounds made the play alive. Sound effects give a really big impact to me in plays. I like how the production and script matched the original story, but with a little twist, which made it play even more fascinating. I look forward to watch more plays similar to this one for it brings back memories of my childhood. I know that the audience loved it too. Plays like this will be excellent to fuel the minds of kids and help enjoy life. Reference: (2006). The jungle book. Retrieved October 17, 2006, from Answers.com: world’s greatest encyclodictionalmanacapedia. Web site: http://www. answers. com/topic/the-jungle-book Internet Movie Database Inc. (2006). Full cast and crew for the jungle book (1942). Retrieved October 17, 2006, from IMBD: Earth’s Biggest Movie Database Web site: http://www. imdb. com/title/tt0034928/fullcredits Scheib, R. (2003). Jungle book. Retrieved October 17, 2006. Web site: http://www. moria. co. nz/fantasy/junglebook42. htm _____. (2006). The jungle book. Retrieved October 17, 2006, from Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. Web site: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Jungle_Book